Essay about Self Reflection - 4184 Words

Part 1 Introduction â€Å"A successful company is built by their successful working teams.† This is not only happening in certain company but all industry which have a strength working teams. This indicates that the working teams play a very important role in the industry to get the company keeps improving. Four generations work under one Roof! It is impossible all the employees in an industry conducted a same generation, same education level, and same working experiences or even have the same cultures. Therefore, these might appear some problems among the employees while during the working operation. This might be a challenge for the employer who has to solve the problems and turn these problems to the working effort. There are†¦show more content†¦Conversely, the elder generation is always think that young generation is lack of experiences and egoistic. Therefore, team building may narrow their working relationship and minimize their strange distance. Experiences sharing It is also a chance for the employees to gain the working experiences or social experiences during team building. The employees may share their previous working experiences to their partner or team. It is clear that everyone has the different experiences no matter it is fun, interesting or upsetting. This is an occasion for the employees to gain the experiences from their partner which they never face or happened before. This experiences sharing is advantage to the young generation or the freshman who just start their working life. With this, the employees may get the knowledge from the experiences sharing by their working partner and they may refer this to face the problem while occur in the future. Core Value Team building is not only to improve the employee’s teamwork, but it is also to strengthen the core value of the employees to their work. Some of the employee does not ensure their situation or doubtful with their job whether the job is suitable for them or not. Many of the employees may think that they are only temporary work with this company and will transfer to other company soon. This shows that the employee who with this mind is not clear with their workingShow MoreRelatedReflection On Self Development Through Reflection1854 Words   |  8 PagesSelf-development through reflection is a key issue of education and learning (Kennison, 2012), where you learn through experience (Tashiro, Shimpuku, Naruse and Matsutani, 2013), learn to self-evaluate (Duffy, 2013), identify gaps in knowledge and detect where further training or study is required to improve practice (Olarerin, 2013). Ultimately reflection is thought to be constant learning from practice, thus refining knowled ge and experiences and putting them into practice (Naidoo, 2013). WithinRead MoreSelf Reflection Essays817 Words   |  4 Pages  on   Self- ­Ã¢â‚¬ Observations   and   Self- ­Ã¢â‚¬    Reflections    Maximum   1000   words   each   term    The   purpose   of   these   three   reports   is   to   demonstrate   how   you   have   used   the   learning   journal   to    develop   your   self- ­Ã¢â‚¬ awareness   from   term   to   term.   (See   Section   11   about   the   Learning   Journal)    Each   report   is   due   at   the   first   class   meeting   after   each   reading   week.    Guidelines:    The   Reports   should   include   your   reflections   about:Read MoreSelf Reflection : Self Esteem956 Words   |  4 PagesSelf-esteem is the comprehension of self-acknowledgement from the self and from others. Factors contributing to overall self-esteem includes; Self-worth, Self- tolerance and belief in oneself. (SOURCE4) Self-esteem is thought to begin as early as life and continue throughout existence with various changes as age progresses. (SOURCE#2) A sense of self-esteem outside of the norm can lead to problematic life occurrences. Both high and low self-perception can intervene with everyday life. People withRead MoreA Reflection On Self Esteem1054 Words   |  5 PagesSelf-esteem is a term used to describe how a person judges themselves in terms of being valued, accepted and worthy. This evaluation of one’s self is extremely important as a child moves through each stage of development. It can determine a child’s future success or fai lure. A positive self-esteem allows one to make gains in achievement through hard work and effort. They are prone to accepting new challenges and working hard to attain a goal. If they fail, they learn from their mistakes and formRead MoreReflection Paper On Self Esteem1571 Words   |  7 PagesMy overall score from the quiz was a 53. According to the results I am on the higher end of the moderate self-esteem. I agree with the assessment, under the context that self-esteem is interchangeable with the concept of self worth. Worthiness, generally speaking, is a immensely broad subject that lends itself exclusively to ones mental fiber and is either bolstered or berated by societal influence. Under those terms, I agree with some reservations. In the way I have understood the reading and reflectRead MoreReflection About Self Compassion1310 Words   |  6 PagesSelf Compassion and love are two things everyone needs to discover. When you discover the true concepts and apply them to your everyday life your outlook on life can be transformed. Using the concepts from the book â€Å"Self-Compassion† by Kristin Neff, I will discuss the idea of self-compassion and provide examples of my life experiences and strategies that I have used. Then I will use the concepts from the books â€Å"Lovability† by Robert Holden and â€Å"Whatever Arises Love That† by Matt Kahn to discuss theRead MoreReflection On Self Fulfilling Prophecy1044 Words   |  5 PagesSelf- fulfilling prophecy Journal #1 Being human comes with more complication from within. What we know of perception to life itself is short lived and long standing no matter the outcomes of our character. Self-fulfilling prophecy is presented in two different ways; one occurs when your own expectations influences your behavior. The second occurs when the expectations of one person governs another’s actions. Everyday our impressionable make-up is being challenged by our inner most thoughtsRead MoreSelf Reflection : Self-Reflection1436 Words   |  6 PagesSelf-Reflection This spring semester I have evolved as a writer and reader. This course has refreshed my memory with basic essential writing techniques and it has made me more proficient when it comes to writing. When it came to writing essays, I use to be so scared to turn them in. I was never a good writer and composing an essay was usually extremely tough. I would have multiple people proofread my essays, but I still doubted my work. Now when it comes to writing essays I feel more confidentRead MoreReflection Of Self Reflection And Self Restraint962 Words   |  4 Pagesthe new moon. This month is fundamentally a time where followers of the Islamic give up food, drinks, sex, smoking etc. for the main purpose of self reflection and self restraint. Prominent practices during Ramadan include, sawm, praying and reciting the Quran. All of the previously mentioned practices are believed to connect to spiritual reflection, self improvement and increased worship. Fasting during the month of Ramadan is both a duty and a great worship. The fast otherwise known as sawm whichRead MoreReflection On Self Reflection809 Words   |  4 PagesSelf-Reflection The purpose of this paper is to explain how I will plan to implement effective choices in improving a change in personal behavior and the improvement tours my fitness attitude. Wellness has a broader definition, than health, which it’s definition is the absence of disease and wellness is defined as the optimal health and vitality to living a healthy and fulfilling life. Also, is a process in which we become aware and we make choices to a better lifestyle. Maintaining an excellent

Studies of Social Media and its Effects on Adolescent’s...

Throughout the years, technology has evolved into something people cannot live without. Mixed in with all of the improvements, social media has become a major asset in the lives of people. Social media can include websites like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, but can also include video games and magazines. However, social media is not always genuine. In the mindset of adolescents, these medias help to create unrealistic ideas of who they are and who they should be. As if going through puberty isn’t difficult enough, teenagers are raised to face these phony thoughts everyday. One of the top problems that boys and girls experience is the way they view their body; commonly referred to as â€Å"body image.† Our media-saturated world provides many†¦show more content†¦It is said that it is easier to communicate with an individual through technology than it is to communicate face-to-face. These negative comments are a major factor when it comes to negative self-este em. Many websites are currently being sponsored by hundreds of advertisements. They are primarily aimed to emphasize the importance of being attractive. Sexually objectified images of girls and women, along with boys and men in advertisements, are most likely to appear in magazines, video games and on television. There is a video that came out in early 2014 that demonstrated what various food advertisements would look like if the females were switched out with males. The results were awkward and did not display the full potential the companies were originally trying to achieve. This is an example of advertisements primarily aimed to â€Å"please the public† rather than exhibiting a realistic setting. With the help of editing software, including the highly popular Adobe Photoshop, these programs assist in airbrushing and â€Å"fixing† models. Thus, resulting in adolescents wanting to look like what they see in the media. Media contributes to the establishment of disordered eating and body dissatisfaction. Long-term exposure of media during early childhood lays the foundation for the negative effects of media during adolescence. Magazine reading, social comparisons, and critical body image processing are important predictors of body image and eating disturbances forShow MoreRelatedThe Differences between the Self-Esteem of Boys and Girls During Puberty1247 Words   |  5 Pagesis a time of many changes. Your body changes, your voice can change, and your emotions are on overdrive. The changes going through an adolescent’s body can be very confusing. Not everyone going through puberty knows what is happening to them. Plus, even if an understanding is there, it can be very uncomfortable. Almost every part of an adolescent’s body is affected when going through puberty. Psychologically, an adolescent is affected too. One psychological effect of puberty is a decreased self-esteemRead MoreThe Influence of Celebrites on Adolescent’s Fashion Choices2326 Words   |  10 PagesThe Influence of celebrites on adolescent’s fashion choices Ervine L. Montgomery Bowie State University CELEBRITIES INFLUENCE ON ADOLESCENT’S FASHION CHOICES 2 Abstract The research indicated that celebrities have an impact in adolescent’s fashion ideas. This study aims to determine the clothing choices of adolescents and to gather feedback on the influence of celebrities on adolescent fashion choices. An open-ended questionnaire, was giving to highRead MoreThe Effects Of Nutrition On Children s Self Image And Lifestyle Essay1966 Words   |  8 PagesIn todays society, media increases the public knowledge of young adults or adolescents about things such as healthy diets, looking fit, having that summer body or the abs you desire. It has been identified that could this publication of self-concept the way someone â€Å"evaluates or perceives themselves† (Mcleod, 2008) somewhat effecting the nutrition of Australian adolescents and could this have devastating effects on our society? The Dietitians Association Of Australia states â€Å"good nutrition is criticalRead MoreThe Effects Of Nutrition On Children s Self Image And Lifestyle Essay 1990 Words   |  8 PagesIn todays society, the media increases the public knowledge of young adults or adolescents about things such as healthy diets, looking fit, having that summer body or the abs you desire. It has been identified that this publication of self-concept the way someone â€Å"evaluates or perceives themselves† (Mcleod, 2008) could somewhat be effecting the nutrition of Australian adolescents and possibly having a devastating effects on our society. 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There has been an unfortunate increase in people suffering from Anorexia Nervosa over the past several decades. Anorexia can be caused by a combination of social, interpersonal, and psychological factors that must be resolved through treatment. Anorexia is an extremely dangerous disorder that results in death for many peopleRead MoreSocial Networking Affects Our Youth939 Words   |  4 Pages Social networking has become a norm in our society. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, Myspace are but a few examples of the relatively new phenomenon of online social networking that play a significant role in our daily lives. The popularity of online social networking sites is constantly growing having people of all ages signing up for this sites y the million. 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Everyday there are people thatRead MoreMiddle Childhood and Adolescence Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesDevelopment PSY/375 1-24-11 Deborah Wilkerson Middle Childhood and Adolescence Development Changes in Peer Relationships in Middle Childhood and Adolescence Statistics say that in the stages in middle adolescence 30% of the child’s social life and interactions there are a great stage of peer pressure. These results were compared to the 10% that is experienced during the early childhood. They show that they are competent by demonstrating their behaviors in these peer groupsRead MoreSocial Media And Social Networking1459 Words   |  6 Pagesthe first email was delivered, social media has taken the world by a storm with millions of demographic groups choosing to connect through social networking platforms that facilitate a multifaceted level of online communication. 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Human Resourse Management in Pakistan Free Essays

HUMAN RESOURSE MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN (Major Human recourses challenges in Pakistan public health system, Human Recourse system policies and ways to address those challenges) Introduction Human resources are the heart of the health system and health care managers have a critical role in determination of performance of the system [1]. Our savings and investment level can be raised only when we are in a position to convert our unproductive and underutilized human and natural resources into dynamic and self-sustained capital and potential accelerator of economic growth. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined the health workforce as â€Å"all people primarily engaged in actions with the primary intent of enhancing health†. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resourse Management in Pakistan or any similar topic only for you Order Now This definition is consistent with the WHO definition of health systems as comprising all activities with the primary goal of improving health. The health workforce is one of the most important pillars of the health system. Adequate numbers and quality of health workers have been positively associated with successful implementation of health interventions, including immunization coverage, outreach of primary care, and infant, child and maternal survival. 2] Human Resource Management is a key to improve productivity of people in the organization. Good Human resource management approach with strategic, ethical and social responsibility which further help to achieve organization goal and objectives. Human Resource management is an art to transform changes as employee commitment and opportunity through developing their knowledge skills and motivating them. In developing country human resource players are considered necessary since they can serve as intellect of an organization. A loyal, dedicated, skilled, efficient and productive human resources is valuable assets of an organization but not reflected on the balance sheet. [3] Pakistan story In 1947, Pakistan was created as British rule came to an end in India. In 1971, East Pakistan demanded independence, and after a bloody civil war it was transformed into what is now the country of Bangladesh. As one of the most crowded countries in the world, Pakistan faces enormous economic and social crises. Fortunately, however, it possesses an abundance of natural resources that can help it overcome these challenges [4] Pakistan is blessed with huge natural and human resources but most of these are in crude form. â€Å"According to official data, there are 127,859 doctors and 12,804 health facilities in the country to cater for over 170 million people. † [5] â€Å"Infant mortality rate: 72/1,000 live birth, Maternal mortality rate: 260/100,000 live birth instead having 7. 8 Physicians/10,000 population, 3. Nurses and midwifes/10,000 population; overall 11. 6 Health care workforce /10,000 population in the country† [6] In Pakistan the health system remains functionally weak and the quality of health services is poor, despite very old constitutional support for health care as a right and a large Ministry of Health at federal and provincial levels [7, 8]. In Pakistan health sector performance has not been evaluated in terms of inputs, processes or activities and outputs for different types of resources including human resources. Very little is known about compositions of health managers, their skills, and training, and spec ifically the policy for deployment. The first and foremost prerequisite for human resources progress is the proper attention to the health sector. No nation can dream of acquiring preeminence in any field with sick and disabled persons so developed nations invest quite a hefty amount in their health sector. In Pakistan, unfortunately, due attention is not paid to this important sector. Human resources for health have recently been emphasized as a central component in providing a stronger health system to achieve the Millennium Development Goals [9]. Absence or nonimplementation of appropriate human resource policies that address appropriate numbers of staff, their qualifications, deployment, working conditions, and gender distribution are associated with many problems in the health work force [10]. Frequency of turnover of key managerial staff has also been associated with poor system performance [11]. Human Resource Development and Management challenges Pakistan has been categorized as one of 57 countries that are facing an HRH crisis, below the threshold level defined by WHO to deliver the essential health interventions required to reach Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 [12]. Health workforce strategy is usually low on a country’s agenda, despite the understanding that scaling-up health interventions to reach MDGs is not possible without a minimum level of health workforce. National health workforce strategies require reliable and timely information, rational system analysis and a firm knowledge base. However, data analysis, research on HRH and technical expertise are still underdeveloped in many countries, in part due to low investment in HRH [13]. Pakistan’s new draft National health policy 2009 mandated the development of strategies in various key areas, including HRH [14] There is a lack of clear long-term vision for human resource development and the federal MOH or provincial DOH does not have a unit, responsible for such an important health system function. [15] The imbalances in health workforce in terms of cadre, gender and distribution are well known in Pakistan. The public sector continues to heavily invest its scarce resources in the development of medical colleges and universities rather than investing in improving quality and quantity of nursing institutions, public health schools and technicians training institutions. In the context of health system development, there is a serious shortage of qualified health system specialists such as health and human res ource planners, health economists, health information experts and health system and hospital managers. Pre -service training of health professionals follows traditional methods and there is a mismatch between educational objectives, which focus on hospital based care, instead of addressing the needs of the communities for promotive, preventive curative and rehabilitative services. The Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC) is responsible for registration, licensing and evaluation of the medical and dental practitioners, the attempts made by PMDC have not materialized yet. Regulation of private practitioners and different traditional categories of medical practice such as homeopathic doctors and Yunani Hakims is non-existent. Human Resource in health care is not appropriately planned in Pakistan, with the result that there are more doctors than nurses, dearth of trained midwives, urban concentration, brain drain from rural to urban areas and abroad, along with other issues related to curriculum, quality of graduates and their continuing supervision. The service structure for health workers is poorly defined it, favors tenure over competence, largely ignores technical capacities and does not allow incentives or rewards for performance. The conduct of education for medical, nursing and related cadres is mostly conventional and does not utilize recent developments in the field of medical education. Though curricula have been revised from time to time, in majority of cases they are not locally contextualized and are not based on competencies and skills. There is no organized system for continuing medical education for any health providers who are also largely unsupervised and at times ill equipped with newer knowledge/skills to tackle emerging diseases. This holds true for management cadres as well. The health system is currently not conducive to nurses, midwives and allied health professionals playing pivotal roles in ensuring the provision and delivery of effective primary health care services in th e absence of doctors. Health authorities have yet to be convinced that PHC services can be successfully provided and delivered by nurses, midwives and allied health professionals making up local teams with the relevant staffing complement and skills mix. [14] All publicly employed doctors are forbidden from practicing privately and many of them receive non practicing allowances as part of their non salary allowances under the law of the country, That notwithstanding, most of them run lucrative private sector clinics while working in hospitals and often use the public sector leverage to boost practices in private facility settings. A number of unethical practices such as refusing to see patients i n hospitals and referring them to private clinics are well established and are almost regarded as a conventional norm. Provider-driven over-consumption of health services, over-prescription, and over-use of diagnostics as well as violation of ethical guide lines in clinical practice are well established in Pakistan. In terms of the ethics of health care alone, frequent violations of the four basic principles of: the Right to autonomy, Right to privacy, Right to choose and Right to information are often seen. 17] High rate of frequent transfer and posting is also a major reason of low levels of performance in public health sector. A study was conducted on the 54 top provincial offices in the government of Sindh Department of Health over the period of 24 years (1981-2004). There were 689 transfers/postings made in the 54 key offices studied over the 24 year time period. Almost half (48. 9%) of these postings lasted no l onger than 1 year. The offices affected highest were tertiary/district care hospitals (54 tim es) and district health offices (37 times) respectively. 18] Recommendation and priority actions towards Human resource development Since the Pakistan is enriched with human resources there is emerge need to develop strategy for optimum utilization of it especially in public heath sector. WHO reviewed the health system of Pakistan and suggested that there is need to develop a clear policy and strategies for human resource development according to the longer term stated health development vision for Paki stan and to the more pressing requirements of improving health service delivery in the country . The report emphasize on mapping of health care providers and institutions through a national human resources for health (HRH) observatory, which should bring together all stake holders involved in human resource development. It suggested that to deal with standard setting and regulatory functions strategic planning in human resource development at federal and provincial levels is required. It reflected the essentiality to established position such as human resource planners, health economists, health information experts and health system managers, which are attractive enough to recruit qualified and experienced persons. In addition, tackle their shortage in the short term through external fellowships and in the longer term through the development of accredited training programs in the country. A nursing directorate should be established in the MOH in order to strengthen leadership and to address the nursing crisis. There is need to review the role of the PMDC, CPSP and other institutions in term of new developments and planned reforms. By providing problem based training the system can reorient the production of health workforce towards more focus on public health and community needs. In order to provide the necessary support to the various reforms aimed at increasing access to health services and at improving health system performance; strengthening of partner institutions such as Health Services Academy (HSA), schools of public health, academia and professional institutions is required. Human resource policy in government bureaucracies should be developed to stabilize professional positions while having a clear transfer policy in place and improve the performanc e of the health care delivery system. 15] Efficient and effective development of a health care system needs of equitable gender distribution of women in the health workforce. [19] To meet out such needs ministry of health, Pakistan came up with national health policy in July 2009 which recommended that Federal and health authorities will play a vital role for the development of the health resource in Pakistan. This federal and Provincial Health authorities will forecast human resource needs based on requ irements outlined in essential health services package and provincial strategies. It will direct and facilitate the teaching institutions in reorienting their curricula and training t o being competency-based with enhanced exposure to the community and with responsiveness to the local needs and compliance with international standards. It includes that each district will be linked to a teaching institution so that the latter can provide technical support and supervision to the former to improve rural health care services. All medical graduates will be recommended to be posted to rural centers for a period of at least 6 months after graduation. The Pakistan Medical and Dental Council will ensure that those undergoing post graduate training also rotate through district health centers. Provincial health authorities will appoint and retain relevant cadres of appropriate health personnel with special focus on staffing district primary care outlets and on recruiting women. Provincial health departments will track human resources for health by establishing a database of doctors, nurses, midwives and allied health professionals working in the BHUs and RHCs across each province and those in training funded by the government. [14] Conclusion A healthy population is not only valued in its own right, but it also raises the human capital of a country thereby positively contributing to the economic and social development. A considerable improvement in health sector facilities over the past year is reflected in the existing vast network of health care facilities which consist of 4712 dispensaries, 5,336 basic health units, 924 hospitals, 906 maternal and child health centers and 288 TB centers. Available HR is 122798 doctors, 7388 dentist and 57646 nurses. [20] A major strength of health care services in Pakistan is very strong outreach via about 95,000 Lady Health Workers (LHWs) and an increasing number of community midwives (CMWs). Inspite of all there is a lack of clear long-term vision for human resource development, which is necessary to address the imbalances in health workforce with appropriate skills; and improved motivation, retention and productivity; Human resources in health care are not appropriately planned in Pakistan, with the result that there are more doctors than nurses and â€Å"brain drain†, along with other issues related to curriculum, quality of graduates and their continuing supervision. The service structure for health workers is poorly defined it, favors tenure over competence, largely ignores technical capacities and does not allow incentives or rewards for performance. The conduct of education for medical, nursing and related cadres is mostly conventional and does not utilize recent d evelopments in the field of medical education. There is no organized system for continuing medical education for any health providers who are also largely unsupervised and at times ill equipped with the skills to tackle emerging diseases. National Health Policy 2010 is include a vision for the role HRH strategy can play in helping to meet the country’s goals for improving health care services for all Pakistanis. In addition, the current HRH assessment will serve as evidence for a new HRH strategy to be dev eloped and implemented by the Ministry of Health. The national and provincial authorities will comprehensibly plan and forecast their human resource requirement for next 10 years according to the proposed services in the respective areas and take robust short term and long term steps to achieve the balance in manpower. 6] Provincial health authorities will also develop, implement and maintain a database of health human resource, including the private sector. Nationwide campaigns will be launched to promote the permanent roles that nurse, midwives and allied health professionals may play in providing and delivering effective services to the public. By: – Mr. Vikas Jain References 1. Martinez J, Martinea u T. Rethinking human resources: an agenda for the millennium. Healt h Policy and Planning 1998 2. The world health report 2006: working together for health . Geneva, World Health Organization, 2006. 3. Dr. Zareen Abbasi Assistant Professor Department of Public Administration University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Human Resource Management in Pakistan , The Elite Scientific Publications, Faisalabad, Pakistan, 2009 4. World Atlas . com [http://graphicmaps. com/webimage/countrys/asia/pk. htm] 5. http://southasia. oneworld. net/todaysheadlines/healthcare-in-pakistan-too-expensive-to-afford 6. CCF Case study, establishing an HRH coordination process, Pakistan, page 1, 2 7. Siddiqi S, Haq IU, Ghaffar a, Akhtar T, Mahaini R. Pakistan’s maternal and child health policy: analysis, lessons and the way forward. Health policy 2004; page 117-130. 8. Bhutta ZA, Ali N, Hyder A, Wajid A. â€Å"Perinatal Newborn Care in Pakistan: Seeing the Unseen! † Maternal and Child health in Pakistan. Challenges And Opportunities: Edited by Zulfiqar A Bhutta. Ameena Saiyid, Oxford University Press 2004. 9. Narasimhan V, Brown H, Pablos-Mendez A, Adams O, Dussault G, Elzinga G, et al. Responding to the global human resources crises. The Lancet 2004; page 14 -72. 10. Martineau T, Martinez J. Human resources in the health sector: guidelines for appraisal and strategic development Brussels: European Commission, Directorate General for Development, â€Å"Health and Development Series† 1997. 11. Buchan J. What difference does (â€Å"good†) HRM make? Human Resources for Health 2004 12. Global atlas of the health workforce. Geneva, World Health Organization (http://www. who. int/globalatlas, accessed 12 December 2009). 13. Narasimhan V et al. Responding to the global human resources crisis. Lancet, 2004 14. National health policy 2009. Islamabad, Ministry of Health (final draft) (http://www. health. gov. pk, accessed 5 May 2010). 5. Report of the Health System Review Mission – Pakistan, World Health Organization United Nations Children Fund, Department for International Development, United Kingdom, The World Bank, February 19-28, 2007, Islamabad 16. Corruption in the health sector in Pakistan , Pakistan Health Policy forum 17. Abdul Hakeem Jokhio B. S. , P h. D. Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, H ealth System Managerial Staffing Patterns: Public Sector Experience From P akistan, 18. World Health Organization. World Health Report 2003-Shaping the future. Geneva; 2003. 19. Pakistan Economic Survey, 2007 How to cite Human Resourse Management in Pakistan, Essay examples

Polarization Essay Example For Students

Polarization Essay Two polarized disks were put into a grooved holder with their polarization axes lined up, and a bright red light emitting diode (LED) was placed on one side, and a light sensor was placed on the other side. Light intensity was measured as a function of the plastic rotating polarizer angle from 0 to 180 degrees. Science Workshop was used to measure the intensity for every 5-degree rotation (Fig 1). The mineral calcite exhibits birefringence (double refraction), and therefore has two different values for its index of refraction. A calcite crystal was placed on top of print and rotated in order to see the difference between the two rays, the ordinary ray and the extraordinary ray. A polarizer was then used to look at the images formed by the calcite. In order to determine the stress points in a plastic object, we used a photoelastic effect where we looked at the object through a polarizer. When the plastic was squeezed together, changes in the color occurred, displaying points with greater stress. Polarization by reflection from a non-metallic surface was used in this method in order to help distinguish the plane of incidence, and Brewster’s angle. A cardboard disk with a picture on it and a polarizer were placed in the holder, with a piece of black plastic (n=1.491) in between them. Brewster’s angle was determined from tan= n, and=56. We then looked through the polarizer at this angle and were able to determine the polarization direction. We also viewed the reflection of a ceiling light directly above the black plastic in order to determine if it was polarized in this case. In order to determine polarization by scattering, a jar was filled with water and dried milk, and then a flashlight was shined directly down into the top of the jar. From the side of the jar, we looked through a polarizer at the scattered light. From this we determined if the light was horizontally polarized. A halogen bulb light source was set up at the end of a yardstick, and a light sensor was set up on the yardstick beginning at 0.1m from the light source. Science Workshop was again used to measure the intensity of light ranging from 0.1m to 1.00m (Fig. 2). In part one, method one, the curve for my values was greater than that for the calculated values, but was quite similar other than that. This could be due to the fact that our methods weren’t as precise as they could have been and if we had been more precise, our values would have been too. In method two, the calcite crystal created a double image, and as you rotated the crystal, one image stood still (formed by the ordinary ray), while the other one rotated around it (formed by the extraordinary ray). When the print is viewed through the crystal and then through a polarizer which is being rotated, we were able to see the in-phase and out-of-phase of the polarized light. The images would switch so that only one of them was viewed at a time. This told us that the relative polarization of one print image was horizontal, and one was polarized laterally. In order to go from maximum intensity of one image to the maximum image of the other, the polarizer had to be rotated 90 degrees. In method three, the greatest stress points appeared mainly around the edges of the plastic, near the joints. At these points, there was the most color, and the center of it was all black. Method four had a polarizing angle of 56 and the polarization was determined to be horizontal. We determined this by looking at the picture on the front of the lab and finding out what the polarization was for the polarizer, and then looking through it at different angles (0 ,90 , 180 , 270 ). When looking at the ceiling light reflection, it was not polarized because there are so many rays coming from all different directions and interfering with the light directly above. Had we isolated it better, it may have then been polarized, but under the circumstances, there was too much light involved. .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 , .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .postImageUrl , .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 , .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938:hover , .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938:visited , .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938:active { border:0!important; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938:active , .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938 .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0be2bd7da14e0a106e793c4c6a7c7938:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Meaning of Life -Opinion EssayUsing the polarizer, in method five, we were able to confirm the prediction about scattered light given in the lab manual. The light was dark when the polarizer was at 0 and 180 . When the polarizer was at 90 and 270 , the light coming through was bright. The scattered light is horizontally polarized. In part two, method one, my curve again had larger values than the calculated values. I feel this could have occurred because not only could we have been more precise, however, our light wasn’t the only light in the room and there could have been some interference from the other light sources. For a real light bulb, I would expect the inverse square law to fail atdistances becauseBibliography: